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Shear Modulus of CLT in plan loading

A testing program was carried out by the Advanced Building Systems (ABS) Department of FPInnovations in response to a request made by Mrs. Julie Frappier of Nordic Engineered Wood Products for the evaluation of the effective shear modulus of eight (8) different Cross-laminated Timber (CLT) configurations or series. The test matrix consisted of a total seventy (70) specimens and each specimen was submitted to four (4) bending tests, resulting in a total two hundred and eighty (280) tests. All specimens were manufactured by Nordic Engineered Wood Products and delivered to FPInnovations’ testing facilities in Québec City.

IBS4 – Sustainability and Life Cycle Analysis for Residential Buildings

Environmental awareness in building design, construction and operation is stronger than ever. But how can we meet the world’s rapidly growing need for buildings and still be environmentally responsible? Although construction is never fully benign for the environment, designers and builders can make choices to minimize the impact. Wood plays an important part in sustainable design, as shown by scientific analysis.

The Historical Development of the Building Size Limits in the National Building Code of Canada

The use of wood is limited in larger and taller buildings by the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) based on concern of increased fire risk. The current requirements were developed long ago, under much different conditions than today. Since then the industry’s knowledge of fire science has evolved considerably, fire service equipment and capabilities have improved, detection and suppression systems have advanced, construction materials and techniques have changed significantly, and public awareness and education regarding fire safety has increased.

Having an understanding of the knowledge, capability, materials and methods used to develop the height and area limits and the risks they were intended to mitigate, sets the basis for re-examination of those limits in a current context. This can be achieved through a historical examination of the development of the limits and their bearing on the use of combustible construction in buildings.

Durability
...North American buildings built in the 1800s, wood construction has proven it can stand the test of time. Although wood building technology has been changing over time, wood’s natural durability...
Wood in non-combustible buildings
...of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials.” For further information, refer to the following resources: Wood Design Manual, Canadian Wood Council National Building Code of Canada CAN/ULC-S114 Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility...
Performance Factors
...use of treated wood apply when coating preservative-treated wood. Effect of bluestain Bluestain is caused by fungi, and bluestained wood is more permeable than unstained wood, therefore it may absorb...
Choosing and Applying Exterior Wood Coatings
...and follow all manufacturer’s instructions. Surface Preparation for Aged Wood Wood coatings need a fresh surface or the coating simply won’t last. The longer wood has been allowed to weather, the poorer...
Treatability
...Heartwood White Spruce 2 3-4 Heartwood Engelmann Spruce 2 3-4 Heartwood Black Spruce 2 4 Heartwood Red Spruce 2 4 Heartwood Sitka Spruce 2 3 Heartwood Lodgepole Pine 1 3-4...
Finishing Exterior Wood
...with decay (rot) caused by decay fungi, which can penetrate deeply into wood and significantly reduce wood strength in a relatively short period.  In contrast, weathering of wood is caused...
Plywood
...Adjustment Factors for Fire-Retardant-Treated Plywood Roof Sheathing National Building Code of Canada Example Specifications for Plywood Plywood Grades Plywood Handling and Storage Plywood Manufacture Plywood Sizes Quality Control of Plywood...
Wood Decay and Repair
...this will be quite obvious. The wood will be soft and perhaps even be breakable by hand. Decayed wood breaks with a carrot-like snap versus the splintering of sound wood....
Fasteners
...environments.  For borate-treated wood used inside buildings, the same connectors can be used as for untreated wood. Recommendations on Fasteners for Treated Wood Fasteners for use in treated wood that...
Non-Pressure Treated Wood
...very rapidly in wet wood. Copper moves more slowly because it reacts with the wood. For dryer wood, glycols can be added to borate formulations to improve penetration. Over-the-counter wood...
Lumber
...end of wood members. When a wood member dries, moisture is lost very rapidly from the end of the member. At midlength, however, the wood is still at a higher...
Mid-Rise Buildings
...British Columbia (Canadian Wood Council) National Building Code of Canada Wood Design Manual (Canadian Wood Council) CSA O86 Engineering design in wood Wood for Mid-Rise Construction (Wood WORKS! Atlantic) Fire...
Resource Description This module series is designed for use in 3rd- or 4th-year steel design courses, providing an efficient way to introduce key wood design concepts within...
Course Overview This course is a case study of a number of educational buildings in both the United States and Canada and how wood used in the construction of these buildings...
Wood, a long-lasting, economical, and renewable resource, is the building material of choice in North American housing. This is largely due to the proven performance of...
Resource Description This resource provides educators with an accessible introduction to Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the context of wood construction. It explains...
Course Overview Mass timber has garnered a lot of interest in Ontario in recent years and with the recent adoption of the encapsulated mass timber construction requirements...
Resource Description This module provides an introduction to wood prefabrication, exploring its various levels and methods to give students a fundamental understanding of the...
Course Overview Building a wood frame Car Dealership is a unique proposition to begin with. Making it a Certified Passivehouse building in cold windy Red Deer is an added...
Course Overview Durability by design is all in the detail. It is the detail, an aspect of wood design which is sometimes overlooked, that determines the durability of a...
Course Overview As Toronto grows, so does the need for housing and energy. The use of wood products presents a tremendous opportunity to meet these essential needs while...
Course Overview This comprehensive course delves into the latest advancements in wood shearwall systems and connections, featuring critical updates from the 2020 National...
Course Overview The positive influences of design innovation, advanced materials, new building codes, and the evolving priorities of society are driving change in the...
Course Overview This webinar will discuss the fire-related national building and fire code changes related to a new construction type called Encapsulated Mass Timber...
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