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Building with Wood
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This Guide is designed to help educators increase wood content in their already crowded curricula, exposing students to the unique challenges and opportunities of designing with advanced wood systems, within the context of the program and student performance criteria established, maintained, and evaluated by the Canadian Architectural Certification Board.

OTTAWA, ON, 1 APR 2025 – The Canadian Wood Council (CWC) is pleased to announce the release of five new Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) for Canadian softwood lumber, oriented strand board (OSB), plywood, trusses, and prefabricated wood I-joists. These EPDs provide comprehensive, transparent environmental data on the potential impacts associated with the cradle-to-gate life cycle stages of these essential wood products.

Developed as regionalized, industry-wide business-to-business (B2B) Type III declarations, the EPDs comply with the highest international standards, including ISO 21930, ISO 14025, ISO 14040, ISO 14044, the governing product category rules, and ASTM General Program Instructions for Type III EPDs. This ensures credible, third-party verified environmental impact data, supporting designers, builders, and policymakers in making informed, sustainable material choices.

“The release of these new EPDs reinforces our commitment to transparency and sustainability in the wood products sector,” said Peter Moonen, National Sustainability Manager at the Canadian Wood Council. “By providing robust, science-based environmental information, we’re equipping the industry with the tools needed to demonstrate the environmental benefits of wood and support low-carbon construction.”

The EPDs are available for download from the Canadian Wood Council’s digital resource hub: www.cwc.ca

EPDLink
An Industry Average EPD for Canadian Pre-fabricated Wood I-JoistsView Resource
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Softwood LumberView Resource
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Oriented Strand BoardView Resource
An Industry Average EPD for Canadian Softwood PlywoodView Resource
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Wood TrussesView Resource
EPD
Link
An Industry Average EPD for Canadian Pre-fabricated Wood I-Joists
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Softwood Lumber
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Oriented Strand Board
An Industry Average EPD for Canadian Softwood Plywood
A Regionalized Industry Average EPD for Canadian Wood Trusses

Stakeholders within the building design and construction community are increasingly being asked to include information in their decision-making processes that take into consideration potential environmental impacts. These stakeholders and interested parties expect unbiased product information that is consistent with current best practices and based on objective scientific analysis. In the future, building product purchasing decisions will likely require the type of environmental information provided by environmental product declarations (EPDs). In addition, green building rating systems, including LEED®, Green Globes™ and BREEAM®, recognize the value of EPDs for the assessment of potential environmental impacts of building products.

EPDs are concise, standardized, and third-party verified reports that describe the environmental performance of a product or a service. EPDs are able to identify and quantify the potential environmental impacts of a product or service throughout the various stages of its life cycle (resource extraction or harvest, processing, manufacturing, transportation, use, and end-of-life). EPDs, also known as Type III environmental product declarations, provide quantified environmental data using predetermined parameters that are based on internationally standardized approaches. EPDs for building products can help architects, designers, specifiers, and other purchasers better understand a product’s potential environmental impacts and sustainability attributes.

An EPD is a disclosure by a company or industry to make public the environmental data related to one or more of its products. EPDs are intended to help purchasers better understand a product’s environmental attributes in order for specifiers to make more informed decisions selecting products. The function of EPDs are somewhat analogous to nutrition labels on food packaging; their purpose is to clearly communicate, to the user, environmental data about products in a standardized format.

EPDs are information carriers that are intended to be a simple and user-friendly mechanism to disclose potential environmental impact information about a product within the marketplace. EPDs do not rank products or compare products to baselines or benchmarks. An EPD does not indicate whether or not certain environmental performance criteria have been met and does not address social and economic impacts of construction products.

Data reported in an EPD is collected using life cycle assessment (LCA), an internationally standardized scientific methodology. LCAs involve compiling an inventory of relevant energy and material inputs and environmental releases, and evaluating their potential impacts. It is also possible for EPDs to convey additional environmental information about a product that is outside the scope of LCA.

EPDs are primarily intended for business-to-business communication, although they can also be used for business-to-consumer communication. EPDs are developed based on the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) study and must be compliant with the relevant product category rules (PCR), which are developed by a registered program operator. The PCR establishes the specific rules, requirements and guidelines for conducting an LCA and developing an EPD for one or more product categories.

The North American wood products industry has developed several industry wide EPDs, applicable to all the wood product manufacturers located across North America. These industry wide EPDs have obtained third-party verification from the Underwriters Laboratories Environment (ULE), an independent certification body. North American wood product EPDs provide industry average data for the following environmental metrics:

  • Global warming potential;
  • Acidification potential;
  • Eutrophication potential;
  • Ozone depletion potential;
  • Smog potential;
  • Primary energy consumption;
  • Material resources consumption; and
  • Non-hazardous waste generation.

Industry wide EPDs for wood products are business-to-business EPDs, covering a cradle-to-gate scope; from raw material harvest until the finished product is ready to leave the manufacturing facility. Due to the multitude of uses for wood products, the potential environmental impacts related to the delivery of the product to the customer, the use of the product, and the eventual end-of-life processes are excluded from the analysis.

For further information, refer to the following resources:

The Guidebook of Design for deconstruction in Light Wood Frame presents a methodology for altering typical light wood frame assemblies so that they can be easily disassembled and the materials of the building can be reused. The province of BC and, more broadly, Canada, has relatively little infrastructure for recycling wood waste. In Vancouver alone, the construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) sector produces about 1.7 million tonnes of waste per year.1 Of this, an estimated 30-60% is wood waste which is largely discarded in landfills. What little wood that is recycled is generally incinerated for waste-to-energy conversion or shredded for biomass. Deconstructing wood buildings and reusing the salvaged wood for new construction would extend the lifespan of the wood, add value and longevity to a valuable material, reduce GHG emissions and reduce the amount of new resources required for new construction projects. Despite the benefit of re-using wood, there are some barriers to deconstructing typical light wood frame buildings, including the use of irreversible fasteners, adhesives, spray foams, and liquid applied sealants. The presence of toxic materials such as asbestos and lead are also of concern when deconstructing a building. While use of toxic materials is now prohibited in new constructions the use of nails (particularly when applied with nail guns) and adhesives makes deconstruction very difficult if not impossible in some cases.2 This guidebook proposes a design for deconstruction system that addresses these remaining issues with simple modifications of typical light wood frame construction practices, allowing for both simple construction, solid performance, and easy deconstruction.

Buildings that stand the test of time aren’t just durable—they are cherished. When we invest in quality materials and good design, we can create buildings that people connect with. As you’ll discover in this issue, many heavy timber warehouses and factories constructed in the early 1900s remain a vital part of our cities today—not because they still serve their original purpose, but because people valued them enough to adapt, restore, and reuse them, giving them a new purpose.

Fast forward a hundred years and resilient structures include many new forms. Modular construction, for example, has seen significant growth in recent years as this form of construction has transformed from a building method once considered inferior, into a method relied upon to deliver high-performance durable buildings.

Alongside our features on historic timber buildings and modular construction, this issue also highlights notable projects and emerging trends shaping today’s built environment. From innovative mass timber structures to forward-thinking design solutions, we explore how thoughtful craftsmanship and smart engineering continue to define the spaces we build—and the ones we keep.

The Canadian Wood Council is proud to share the National Lumber Grades Authority (NLGA) latest updates to the design values for Hem-Fir (N) dimension lumber, effective April 1, 2025. These changes result from a routine reassessment of strength and stiffness properties, ensuring Hem-Fir (N) continues to meet structural performance expectations.

Key Points:

  • Minimal Practical Impact: The updated design values should not result in significant changes to the practical use of Hem-Fir (N) in most applications, maintaining continuity for builders, designers, and engineers.
  • Consistent Performance: Hem-Fir (N) remains a trusted and dependable choice for residential and commercial construction, with values that closely align with previous standards.
  • No Impact on Existing Construction: Structures built under previous building codes remain compliant.
  • The updates are reflected in the NLGA Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber, CSA O86 – Engineering Design in Wood, and the National Design Specification® (NDS®) Supplement for Wood Construction.

For additional details, including specific design value changes, affected lumber grades, and implementation considerations, please refer to the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for Canada or the USA.

Download publication by Region:

The new home for FBM is constructed on a 50 ft by 100 ft brown field site in the north end of Halifax; close to the city’s Commons. A one-storey transmission shop was previously located on the site, making the soil and bedrock remediation necessary to allow for the current development. Site plan The Commons, in the centre of the city, forms a green swath of space for recreation, sports fields, and well-being. Surrounding the site is a mix of occupancies, including social housing for seniors, small scale businesses, day cares, bars and restaurants, military uses at the Halifax Armory for the Princess Louise Fusiliers and Cadet units, Urban agriculture, and several architecture firms that have recently chosen this area for their new offices. The design of the new Cunard St Live/ Work/ Grow building embodies the values of FBM Architecture – a place for ‘people driven design’. This is expressed through the firm’s interest in contributing to the community, through the materials, and the work culture that the building supports.

OTTAWA, March 25, 2025 – The Canadian Wood Council welcomes the Government of Canada’s announcement of over $20 million in funding for 67 projects that support the growth and resilience of British Columbia’s forest sector.

While the announcement includes several strategic large-scale investments in advanced wood manufacturing, a significant strength of this initiative lies in the breadth of smaller-scale, high-impact projects that are collectively transforming communities across the province. From feasibility studies for Indigenous-led forest product businesses to the development of next-generation building technologies, these projects are advancing wood innovation, supporting workforce development, and expanding the role of wood in low-carbon construction.

Administered through Natural Resources Canada, this Green Construction through Wood (GCWood) funding supports a wide range of initiatives—from fire-testing mass timber connections and refining modelling guides for timber structures, to developing bioenergy solutions and value-added wood processing in Indigenous communities.

This announcement underscores the importance of decentralized innovation, where targeted investments in communities and research institutions alike contribute to a stronger, more sustainable forest sector. The Canadian Wood Council applauds this commitment and looks forward to continuing its work with design professionals, governments, and industry partners to support the expanded use of wood in the province through its market-leading WoodWorks program.

View the announcement from Natural Resources Canada here:
https://www.canada.ca/en/natural-resources-canada/news/2025/03/canada-announces-support-for-british-columbias-forest-sector.html https://www.canada.ca/en/natural-resources-canada/news/2025/03/canada-announces-support-for-british-columbias-forest-sector.html

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